Collage is from the french word coller to glue or stick together and it has a long tradition in art in various forms and cultures including the Victorians photo-collages, but it was made particularly famous in the 20th century by Braque and Picasso.

A rough or feathered paper edge (in contrast to a smoothly cut one). 

Fibre pens -are generally used for drawing and writing and  come in a range of colours -but black is the most common and range of nib widths from 1 (thick) to 0.1 (thin) ) 0.5 is probably the most common thickness for writing pens - for drawing I prefer 0.3 -0.1. I even have a 0.05 for really fine lines.

Focal point is all about where the eye is led and lingers, the ‘sweet spots’, an area of special interest or importance.

There are many ways to create a focal point, through placement on the page, use of colour, detail, converging lines, contrast, juxtaposition etc. Not all artwork has or needs a focal point and some have more than one. It can be the making of a piece.

Frottage is a term used in art to describe the technique or process of taking a rubbing /an impression of a texture or surface to form the basis of an artwork. This is usually done with a a wax crayon or block and has a long tradition in Brass Rubbings. Don’t ask about the other meaning…

In art negative space is concerned with the area around and between objects. It is a useful 'tool' when drawing complicated 3D forms -like a chair - as the spaces around and between elements can be observed and measured relative to one another so improving overall accuracy. It is also a vital part of composition: how the elements are arranged can create a spacious or crowded, balanced or imbalanced impression. See my examples below showing how the negative space around and between objects can have such a dramatic impact depending on how it is used.